English Vocabulary for Name of Diseases

Table of Contents

Understanding English vocabulary for the names of diseases is important as it allows us to communicate about health and seek appropriate medical help. By learning these words, we can describe how we feel when we’re unwell and understand information from doctors or medical professionals. Have you ever wondered how to talk about common illnesses like a cold, fever, or headache in English? Let’s explore the vocabulary for diseases so that you can express your symptoms and concerns more effectively.

Common Illnesses

1. Cold (noun) /kəʊld/: A common viral infection that affects the nose and throat, causing symptoms like sneezing, coughing, and a runny nose.
Example: Sarah caught a cold and had to stay home from school for a few days.

2. Flu (noun) /fluː/: A contagious respiratory illness caused by the influenza virus, with symptoms such as fever, body aches, and fatigue.
Example: The annual flu vaccine can help protect you from getting sick during flu season.

3. Fever (noun) /ˈfiːvər/: An increase in body temperature above the normal range, often as a response to illness or infection.
Example: Alice had a high fever and the doctor advised her to stay in bed and drink plenty of fluids.

4. Sore throat (noun) /sɔːr ˈθroʊt/: Pain or discomfort in the throat, often caused by inflammation due to a cold, flu, or other infection.
Example: Gargling with warm salt water can help soothe a sore throat.

5. Headache (noun) /ˈhɛdeɪk/: A pain or discomfort in the head, often caused by stress, tension, or illness.
Example: Jane took some pain relievers to help with her headache caused by the sinus infection.

6. Cough (noun) /kɒf/: A sudden, forceful expulsion of air from the lungs, usually to clear mucus or irritants from the airways.
Example: John had a persistent cough and decided to visit the doctor to get it checked out.

7. Allergies (noun, plural) /ˈælərdʒiz/: Overreactions of the immune system to certain substances, often causing symptoms like sneezing, itching, and swelling.
Example: Springtime can be difficult for those with allergies due to the high amounts of pollen in the air.

8. Sinusitis (noun) /ˌsaɪnəˈsaɪtɪs/: An inflammation or infection of the sinuses, often causing symptoms like headache, facial pain, and nasal congestion.
Example: The doctor prescribed antibiotics to treat Maria’s sinusitis.

9. Bronchitis (noun) /brɒŋˈkaɪtɪs/: An inflammation of the bronchial tubes in the lungs, often causing symptoms like coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath.
Example: After weeks of battling a cold, Tom developed bronchitis and needed further treatment.

10. Pneumonia (noun) /njuːˈmoʊniə/: A lung infection caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi, resulting in symptoms like cough, fever, and difficulty breathing.
Example: The elderly and those with weakened immune systems are at a higher risk for developing pneumonia.

Respiratory Diseases

1. Asthma (noun) /ˈæzmə/: A chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, causing difficulty breathing, wheezing, and coughing.
Example: Lucy uses an inhaler to manage her asthma symptoms during exercise.

2. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (noun) /ˈkrɒnɪk əbˈstrʌktɪv ˌpʌlməˈnɛri dɪˈziːz/: A group of progressive lung diseases, including emphysema and chronic bronchitis, that cause breathing difficulties, coughing, and mucus production.
Example: Smoking is a major risk factor for developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

3. Tuberculosis (noun) /tjuːˌbɜːrkjʊˈloʊsɪs/: An infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, primarily affecting the lungs and causing symptoms like cough, fever, and weight loss.
Example: Tuberculosis is a serious health issue in many developing countries, and early detection and treatment are crucial.

4. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (noun) /ˌrɛspəˈrætəri ˈsɪŋkɪʃəl ˈvaɪrəs/: A common virus that causes infections in the lungs and respiratory tract, especially in young children and the elderly, with symptoms like cough, runny nose, and fever.
Example: Parents should take precautions to protect their infants from respiratory syncytial virus during the winter months.

5. Pulmonary embolism (noun) /ˌpʌlməˈnɛri ˈɛmbəlɪzəm/: A blockage in an artery of the lungs, typically caused by a blood clot, which can result in shortness of breath, chest pain, and potentially life-threatening complications.
Example: The doctor suspected a pulmonary embolism when the patient complained of sudden chest pain and difficulty breathing.

6. Emphysema (noun) /ˌɛmfɪˈsiːmə/: A long-term lung condition characterized by damage to the air sacs in the lungs, causing shortness of breath, coughing, and reduced lung function.
Example: Long-term exposure to cigarette smoke can lead to emphysema and other respiratory problems.

7. Lung cancer (noun) /ˈlʌŋ ˈkænsər/: A type of cancer that originates in the lungs, often caused by smoking or exposure to certain environmental factors, and characterized by symptoms like coughing, chest pain, and shortness of breath.
Example: Regular screenings and early detection are important for improving survival rates in patients with lung cancer.

8. Sleep apnea (noun) /ˈsliːp ˈæpniə/: A sleep disorder characterized by pauses in breathing or shallow breaths during sleep, leading to disrupted sleep, snoring, and daytime sleepiness.
Example: Using a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine can help alleviate the symptoms of sleep apnea.

9. Cystic fibrosis (noun) /ˈsɪstɪk faɪˈbroʊsɪs/: A genetic disorder that causes the production of thick, sticky mucus in the lungs and digestive system, leading to respiratory infections and digestive problems.
Example: People with cystic fibrosis often require daily treatments to help clear their airways and maintain lung function.

10. Pulmonary fibrosis (noun) /ˌpʌlməˈnɛri ˈfaɪbroʊsɪs/: A lung disease characterized by the thickening and scarring of lung tissue, making it difficult for the lungs to properly function and leading to symptoms like shortness of breath and fatigue.
Example: Exposure to certain environmental pollutants can increase the risk of developing pulmonary fibrosis.

Cardiovascular Diseases

1. Heart disease (noun) /ˈhɑːrt dɪˈziːz/: A broad term for various conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels, often leading to chest pain, heart attacks, and other complications.
Example: Regular exercise and a balanced diet can help reduce the risk of heart disease.

2. Hypertension (noun) /ˌhaɪpərˈtɛnʃən/ (high blood pressure): A condition where the force of blood against the walls of the arteries is consistently too high, potentially leading to heart disease, stroke, and other health problems.
Example: Steve’s doctor recommended lifestyle changes to help control his hypertension.

3. Coronary artery disease (noun) /kəˈrəʊnəri ˈɑːrtəri dɪˈziːz/: A type of heart disease caused by the buildup of fatty deposits in the coronary arteries, which can lead to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle.
Example: Early detection and treatment can help manage coronary artery disease and prevent complications.

4. Arrhythmia (noun) /əˈrɪðmiə/: An irregular or abnormal heartbeat, which can be too fast, too slow, or irregular in rhythm, sometimes causing symptoms like dizziness, shortness of breath, or chest pain.
Example: The doctor used an electrocardiogram (ECG) to detect any arrhythmia in the patient’s heartbeat.

5. Congestive heart failure (noun) /kənˈdʒɛstɪv ˈhɑːrt ˈfeɪljər/: A chronic condition in which the heart is unable to pump blood effectively, leading to symptoms like shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling in the legs.
Example: Medications and lifestyle changes can help manage congestive heart failure and improve quality of life.

6. Stroke (noun) /stroʊk/: A sudden disruption of blood flow to the brain, caused by a blocked or burst blood vessel, which can lead to symptoms like paralysis, speech difficulties, and memory loss.
Example: Recognizing the early signs of a stroke and seeking immediate medical attention can greatly improve the chances of recovery.

7. Atherosclerosis (noun) /ˌæθəroʊskləˈroʊsɪs/: A condition where fatty deposits and plaque build up inside the arteries, causing them to narrow and harden, potentially leading to heart disease, stroke, or peripheral artery disease.
Example: A healthy diet and regular exercise can help prevent atherosclerosis and protect the cardiovascular system.

8. Peripheral artery disease (noun) /pəˈrɪfərəl ˈɑːrtəri dɪˈziːz/: A circulatory problem in which narrowed arteries reduce blood flow to the limbs, often causing pain and cramping in the legs during exercise.
Example: Early treatment for peripheral artery disease can help prevent complications and improve blood flow to the affected areas.

9. Heart attack (noun) /ˈhɑːrt əˈtæk/: A life-threatening event in which blood flow to the heart muscle is suddenly blocked, often by a blood clot, causing damage or death to the affected tissue.
Example: Chest pain, shortness of breath, and nausea are common symptoms of a heart attack that require immediate medical attention.

10. Angina (noun) /ænˈdʒaɪnə/: Chest pain or discomfort caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle, often as a result of coronary artery disease or other heart conditions.
Example: The doctor prescribed nitroglycerin tablets to help relieve Mary’s angina during episodes of chest pain.

Gastrointestinal Diseases

1. Gastroenteritis (noun) /ˌɡæstroʊˌɛntəˈraɪtɪs/: An inflammation of the stomach and intestines, often caused by a virus or bacteria, leading to symptoms like diarrhea, vomiting, and stomach pain.
Example: Drinking plenty of fluids is important when recovering from gastroenteritis to stay hydrated.

2. Gastric ulcers (noun) /ˈɡæstrɪk ˈʌlsərz/: Open sores that develop on the lining of the stomach, often due to an imbalance between stomach acid and protective mucus, causing pain and discomfort.
Example: Tim’s doctor prescribed medication to help heal his gastric ulcers and reduce stomach acid.

3. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) (noun) /ˈɪrɪtəbl ˈbaʊəl ˈsɪndroʊm/: A common disorder affecting the large intestine, causing symptoms like abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, and constipation.
Example: Jane found that adjusting her diet helped manage her irritable bowel syndrome symptoms.

4. Crohn’s disease (noun) /kroʊnz dɪˈziːz/: A chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the lining of the digestive tract, resulting in symptoms like abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss.
Example: Regular check-ups and medication help Sarah manage her Crohn’s disease and maintain her quality of life.

5. Ulcerative colitis (noun) /ʌlsəˈreɪtɪv kəʊˈlaɪtɪs/: A chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the inner lining of the colon and rectum, causing symptoms like abdominal pain, diarrhea, and bleeding.
Example: Anti-inflammatory medications can help reduce inflammation and control the symptoms of ulcerative colitis.

6. Gallstones (noun) /ˈɡɔːlˌstoʊnz/: Small, hard deposits that form in the gallbladder, often due to high cholesterol or bile imbalances, which can cause pain and inflammation.
Example: A low-fat diet and maintaining a healthy weight can help prevent the formation of gallstones.

7. Pancreatitis (noun) /ˌpæŋkriəˈtaɪtɪs/: An inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by gallstones or excessive alcohol consumption, leading to symptoms like abdominal pain, nausea, and fever.
Example: The doctor advised Mike to avoid alcohol and fatty foods to help prevent future episodes of pancreatitis.

8. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (noun) /ˌɡæstroʊɪˈsɒfədʒiəl rɪˈflʌks dɪˈziːz/: A chronic digestive disorder where stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing symptoms like heartburn, chest pain, and difficulty swallowing.
Example: Over-the-counter antacids can help relieve mild gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms.

9. Hepatitis (noun) /ˌhɛpəˈtaɪtɪs/: An inflammation of the liver, often caused by a viral infection, which can lead to symptoms like jaundice, fatigue, and abdominal pain.
Example: Vaccinations are available to help protect against certain types of hepatitis.

10. Colorectal cancer (noun) /ˌkoʊləˈrɛktəl ˈkænsər/: A type of cancer that starts in the colon or rectum, often caused by the growth of abnormal cells known as polyps, which can develop into tumors.
Example: Regular screenings, such as colonoscopies, can help detect early signs of colorectal cancer and improve treatment outcomes.

Neurological Disorders

1. Alzheimer’s disease (noun) /ˈæltsˌhaɪmərz dɪˈziːz/: A progressive brain disorder that causes memory loss, confusion, and difficulty with thinking and problem-solving.
Example: Early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease can help patients and their families plan for the future and explore available treatment options.

2. Parkinson’s disease (noun) /ˈpɑːrkɪnsənz dɪˈziːz/: A progressive nervous system disorder that affects movement, causing symptoms like tremors, stiffness, and balance problems.
Example: Medications and physical therapy can help manage the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease.

3. Multiple sclerosis (noun) /ˈmʌltɪpl skləˈroʊsɪs/: An autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system, causing the immune system to attack the protective covering of nerve fibers, leading to communication problems between the brain and the body.
Example: Researchers are still searching for a cure for multiple sclerosis, but treatments can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

4. Epilepsy (noun) /ˈɛpɪˌlɛpsi/: A neurological disorder characterized by recurring seizures, which are sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbances in the brain.
Example: With the right medication, many people with epilepsy can lead normal lives and have fewer seizures.

5. Migraine (noun) /ˈmaɪˌɡreɪn/: A type of severe headache often accompanied by other symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound.
Example: Lying down in a quiet, dark room can help relieve the pain of a migraine.

6. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (noun) /ˌeɪmaɪəˈtroʊfɪk ˈlætərəl skləˈroʊsɪs/: A progressive neurological disease that damages the nerve cells responsible for controlling muscle movement, leading to muscle weakness and eventual paralysis.
Example: Supportive care and medications can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

7. Huntington’s disease (noun) /ˈhʌntɪŋtənz dɪˈziːz/: A hereditary, progressive brain disorder that causes the breakdown of nerve cells, leading to problems with movement, cognition, and emotions.
Example: Genetic testing can determine if someone is at risk of developing Huntington’s disease.

8. Cerebral palsy (noun) /ˈsɛrɪbrəl ˈpɔːlzi/: A group of neurological disorders that affect muscle coordination and body movement, often caused by brain damage before or during birth.
Example: Physical therapy and assistive devices can help improve mobility and independence for individuals with cerebral palsy.

9. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) (noun) /trəˈmætɪk ˈbreɪn ˈɪndʒəri/: An injury to the brain caused by an external force, such as a blow to the head, which can result in temporary or permanent physical, cognitive, and emotional impairments.
Example: Wearing a helmet while riding a bicycle can help prevent traumatic brain injury.

10. Neuropathy (noun) /nʊˈrɒpəθi/: Damage to the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord, often causing weakness, numbness, and pain, typically in the hands and feet.
Example: Good blood sugar control can help prevent neuropathy in people with diabetes.

Autoimmune Diseases

1. Rheumatoid arthritis (noun) /ˌruːməˈtɔɪd ɑrˈθraɪtɪs/: A chronic autoimmune disease that causes inflammation, pain, and stiffness in the joints, often affecting the hands and feet.
Example: Physical therapy and medication can help manage the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and improve mobility.

2. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (noun) /sɪˈstɛmɪk ˈluːpəs ˌɛrəˈθiːmətəsəs/: A chronic autoimmune disease that causes the immune system to mistakenly attack healthy tissues, resulting in inflammation and damage to various body systems.
Example: Sun protection is important for people with systemic lupus erythematosus to prevent skin rashes and other symptoms triggered by sunlight.

3. Psoriasis (noun) /səˈraɪəsɪs/: A common skin condition characterized by red, scaly patches on the skin, often caused by an overactive immune system.
Example: Topical creams and light therapy can help manage the symptoms of psoriasis and improve skin appearance.

4. Type 1 diabetes (noun) /taɪp wʌn daɪəˈbiːtɪs/: A chronic autoimmune disease in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin, a hormone needed to regulate blood sugar levels, resulting in high blood sugar.
Example: People with type 1 diabetes need to regularly monitor their blood sugar levels and take insulin injections to manage their condition.

5. Multiple sclerosis (noun) /ˈmʌltɪpl skləˈroʊsɪs/: An autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system, causing the immune system to attack the protective covering of nerve fibers, leading to communication problems between the brain and the body.
Example: Researchers are still searching for a cure for multiple sclerosis, but treatments can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

6. Hashimoto’s disease (noun) /ˌhæʃɪˈmoʊtoʊz dɪˈziːz/: An autoimmune disorder that causes inflammation and damage to the thyroid gland, leading to underproduction of thyroid hormones and a condition called hypothyroidism.
Example: Regular blood tests and medication can help manage Hashimoto’s disease and maintain proper hormone levels.

7. Celiac disease (noun) /ˈsiːliæk dɪˈziːz/: An autoimmune disorder in which consuming gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye, causes damage to the small intestine, leading to problems with nutrient absorption.
Example: Following a strict gluten-free diet is essential for people with celiac disease to prevent intestinal damage and related symptoms.

8. Graves’ disease (noun) /ˈgreɪvz dɪˈziːz/: An autoimmune disorder that causes overproduction of thyroid hormones, leading to a condition called hyperthyroidism, which can cause symptoms like weight lossrapid heartbeat, and irritability.
Example: Treatment for Graves’ disease may include medication, radiation therapy, or surgery to manage symptoms and regulate thyroid hormone production.

9. Sjögren’s syndrome (noun) /ˈʃoʊɡrənz ˈsɪndroʊm/: An autoimmune disease that affects the glands responsible for producing tears and saliva, causing symptoms like dry eyes, dry mouth, and fatigue.
Example: Artificial tears and saliva substitutes can help relieve the symptoms of Sjögren’s syndrome and improve comfort.

10. Myasthenia gravis (noun) /maɪəsˈθiːniə ˈɡrævɪs/: An autoimmune neuromuscular disorder that causes weakness and rapid fatigue of voluntary muscles, often affecting the muscles that control eye and eyelid movement, facial expressions, and swallowing.
Example: Medications and therapy can help manage the symptoms of myasthenia gravis and improve muscle strength and function.

Infectious Diseases

1. HIV/AIDS (noun) /ˌeɪtʃ aɪ ˈviː/ /ˈeɪdz/: HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a virus that attacks the immune system, and AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is the advanced stage of the infection, making it difficult for the body to fight off other diseases and infections.
Example: Regular testing and early treatment can help people with HIV/AIDS live longer and healthier lives.

2. Tuberculosis (noun) /tjʊˌbɜrːkjuˈloʊsɪs/: A contagious bacterial infection that mainly affects the lungs, causing symptoms like coughing, chest pain, and weight loss.
Example: Vaccination and early treatment with antibiotics can help prevent the spread of tuberculosis.

3. Malaria (noun) /məˈlɛəriə/: A serious and sometimes fatal disease caused by a parasite and transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito, causing symptoms like fever, chills, and headache.
Example: Using mosquito nets and repellent can help protect against malaria when traveling in high-risk areas.

4. Hepatitis (noun) /ˌhɛpəˈtaɪtɪs/: A group of viral infections that cause inflammation of the liver, leading to symptoms like jaundice, fatigue, and abdominal pain.
Example: Vaccination and practicing good hygiene can help prevent the spread of hepatitis.

5. Dengue fever (noun) /ˈdɛŋɡeɪ ˈfiːvər/: A viral illness transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito, causing symptoms like high feversevere headache, and joint pain.
Example: Eliminating standing water around the home can help reduce the risk of dengue fever by controlling mosquito breeding sites.

6. Zika virus (noun) /ˈziːkə ˈvaɪrəs/: A virus transmitted primarily through the bite of an infected mosquito, causing mild symptoms like fever, rash, and joint pain, and posing a risk to pregnant women as it can cause birth defects.
Example: Pregnant women are advised to avoid traveling to areas with ongoing Zika virus outbreaks.

7. Ebola (noun) /ɪˈboʊlə/: A rare but severe viral illness that causes symptoms like fever, severe headache, and unexplained bleeding, and is spread through direct contact with the body fluids of an infected person or animal.
Example: Early detection and isolation of Ebola cases are crucial to prevent the spread of the virus.

8. Lyme disease (noun) /laɪm dɪˈziːz/: A bacterial infection transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected black-legged tick, causing symptoms like fatigue, fever, and a characteristic bull’s-eye rash.
Example: Wearing long sleeves and pants when hiking in wooded areas can help protect against Lyme disease.

9. Measles (noun) /ˈmiːzəlz/: A highly contagious viral illness that causes symptoms like high fever, cough, and a red, blotchy rash, and can lead to serious complications in some cases.
Example: Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent the spread of measles.

10. Chickenpox (noun) /ˈʧɪkənˌpɒks/: A highly contagious viral infection that causes an itchy, blister-like rash, fever, and tiredness, and is usually a mild illness in children.
Example: Children who receive the chickenpox vaccine are less likely to get the infection or have milder symptoms if they do become infected.

Mental Health Disorders

1. Depression (noun) /dɪˈprɛʃən/: A mental health condition characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest or pleasure in activities, which can interfere with daily functioning.
Example: Regular exercise and therapy can help improve mood and alleviate the symptoms of depression.

2. Anxiety disorders (noun) /æŋˈzaɪəti dɪsˈɔrdərz/: A group of mental health conditions characterized by excessive and persistent worry, fear, or nervousness that interferes with daily life.
Example: Learning relaxation techniques can help manage the symptoms of anxiety disorders and promote a sense of calm.

3. Bipolar disorder (noun) /baɪˈpoʊlər dɪsˈɔrdər/: A mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings, ranging from episodes of high energy and elation (mania) to periods of low energy and deep sadness (depression).
Example: Medication and therapy can help stabilize mood and manage the symptoms of bipolar disorder.

4. Schizophrenia (noun) /ˌskɪtsəˈfriːniə/: A serious mental health condition that affects a person’s thoughts, emotions, and behaviors, causing symptoms like hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking.
Example: Early diagnosis and treatment can help manage the symptoms of schizophrenia and improve the person’s quality of life.

5. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) (noun) /əbˈsɛsɪv kəmˈpʌlsɪv dɪsˈɔrdər/: A mental health condition characterized by persistent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) that the person feels compelled to perform.
Example: Cognitive-behavioral therapy can help individuals with OCD learn strategies to manage their obsessions and compulsions.

6. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (noun) /ˌpoʊst trəˈmætɪk strɛs dɪsˈɔrdər/: A mental health condition that can develop after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event, causing symptoms like flashbacks, nightmares, and severe anxiety.
Example: Seeking professional help and support from loved ones can help individuals with PTSD cope with their traumatic experiences.

7. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (noun) /əˈtɛnʃən ˈdefɪsɪt haɪpərˈæktɪvɪti dɪsˈɔrdər/: A neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulty paying attention, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity, which can interfere with daily life and academic performance.
Example: Behavioral therapy and medication can help manage the symptoms of ADHD and improve focus and self-control.

8. Eating disorders (noun) /ˈitɪŋ dɪsˈɔrdərz/ (anorexia, bulimia): A group of mental health conditions characterized by unhealthy and extreme attitudes towards food, weight, and body image, leading to dangerous eating behaviors and potential health complications.
Example: Early intervention and a comprehensive treatment plan can help individuals with eating disorders develop a healthier relationship with food.

9. Substance abuse disorders (noun) /ˈsʌbstəns əˈbyus dɪsˈɔrdərz/: A group of mental health conditions characterized by the excessive and harmful use of substances like alcohol, drugs, or prescription medications, leading to physical, emotional, and social problems.
Example: Support groups and therapy can help individuals with substance abuse disorders overcome their addiction and lead a healthier lifestyle.

10. Autism spectrum disorder (noun) /ˈɔtɪzəm ˈspɛktrəm dɪsˈɔrdər/: A neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by challenges with social communication, repetitive behaviors, and restricted interests, which can vary widely in severity and presentation.
Example: Early intervention and specialized educational programs can help individuals with autism spectrum disorder develop social, communication, and daily living skills.

Congratulations on expanding your English vocabulary for diseases! Now you have the words to describe common illnesses and seek the necessary medical care. Remember to take care of your health and seek help when needed. By understanding and using this vocabulary, you can effectively communicate your symptoms and concerns, allowing doctors and medical professionals to provide the right care. Stay healthy and continue learning new words to enhance your English language skills.

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